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How do economic, cultural and security concerns affect host society attitudes towards integration of Syrian refugees in Turkey? The question is of policy relevance as Turkey --a Muslim-majority country hosting more than 3.5 million refugees-- is considered by the EU as the ideal place to host most of the Syrian refugees. We conduct an online conjoint survey experiment (with a sample of 2,400 respondents) in which we present our respondents with pairs of Syrian refugee profiles that differ by gender, age, marital status, ethnicity, profession, social connection with local citizens and prior involvement in the civil war. We then ask our respondents which of the two profiles of refugees they would prefer to move next to their house (social integration), to give a work or business permit (economic integration) and to be given citizenship (ethnic integration).  Our experiment contributes to the study of host society attitudes towards refugees and desire to integrate them in at least three ways: First, our questions on integration are capturing in a more direct way the desire of locals to engage in direct –everyday life-- social interactions with refugees. Second, our focus on refugees’ potential prior involvement in the civil war allows us to identify the role that security considerations –in addition to cultural ones-- play in hindering/facilitating the integration of refugees in their host communities. Third, by directly manipulating refugees’ desire to form social connections with locals, we also examine whether pro-active behavior to integrate from the part of refugees facilitates or improves local’s attitudes towards them. Finally, it is also important that this is the first such survey experiment in a Muslim-majority country with a much higher number of Syrian refugees than in any of the European countries.

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