新香港六合彩开奖结果

Photo 1:听Photographs of Left) the cold stage and, Right)high-temperature furnace used during the neutron powder diffraction experiment of the thermal expansion and magnetostriction in fayalite (June 2020) of Prof. Ian Wood and Eve Tripoliti.听

What makes up planetary interiors? This is the question the Crystallography and Mineral Physics (CMP) group is trying to answer by combining computational techniques with high-pressure and temperature experiments. CMP in house facilities, located in the Kathleen Lonsdale Building, UCL, consist of 4 laboratories managed by听Dr. Andrew Thomson,听Prof. Ian Wood, a苍诲听Prof. David Dobson(Haskel Multi-Anvil, Diamond Anvil Cell, X-ray Diffraction, and Mantle Rheology) where they, with their Postdoc staff Dr. Fang Xu, Dr. Rong Huang and Dr. Longjian Xie, and PhD students听Eve Tripoliti a苍诲听Nick Backhouse,听study materials鈥� response to extreme pressures and temperatures so as to understand planetary evolution, dynamics, and elasticity.听

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Photo 2: Left) X-ray powder diffractometer loaded with the cold stage that allows measurements between 40 and 310 K, Middle) multi-anvil press during synthesis of high-pressure mantle phases and, Right) DT-cup deformation apparatus that allows measurements of the relative strength of materials.

In the Haskel Multi-Anvil laboratory we synthesise high-pressure material phases (at the moment, wadsleyite, ringwoodite, pyroxene, garnet, and perovskite) and develop new cell assemblies for high-pressure synchrotron experiments (e.g., Dr. L. Xie at beamline PSICH脡 SOLEIL, 2022). In our labs we can measure the thermal expansion of materials with a X鈥橮ert PRO PANalytical X-ray diffractometer equipped with two environmental stages allowing measurements from 40 K to 1453 K (e.g., Wood et al., 2018;听MSc Thesis Poster 3听 by Eve Tripoliti). The stress and strain of materials can be measured in the Rheology laboratory, with a DT-cup apparatus (e.g., Hunt & Dobson, 2017; Hunt et al., 2014; Xu et al., 2022) that performs sample deformation at high-pressures. Finally, in the newly developed Diamond Anvil Cell laboratory, fitted with X-ray tomography and pulse-echo ultrasonic equipment, we can measure the seismic velocities of materials under extreme pressures and temperatures (e.g.,听Poster 2 by Nick Backhouse).

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Photo 3: 听Photographs from the experiments of Dr. Andrew Thomson and Dr . Rong Huang on the seismic velocities of garnets and olivine鈥檚 high-pressure polymorphs at the European Synchrotron (November 2022). Left) Large Volume Press (LVP) of beamline ID06, ESRF, Middle) Sample loaded into the 听LVP and Right) Waveform measured by Pulse-Echo Ultrasonic Interferometry .
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Additional experiments are regularly performed at national and international synchrotron radiation facilities including the European Synchrotron (e.g., Thomson et al., 2019; see photo 3 from the most recent experiments of Dr. A. Thomson and Dr. R. Huang, 2022), Diamond and the Photon Factory (in Tsukuba, Japan) and at HRPD of the ISIS Neutron and Muon Source laboratory (e.g., Wood et al., 2004;听Poster 1 by Eve Tripoliti听and photo 1 of the most recent neutron diffraction experiment of Prof. I. Wood and E. Tripoliti, 2020).

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Photo听4: 听Left) Paper and cover of nature geosciences by 听Dr. Yunguo Li, Prof. Lidunka Vo膷adlo, Dr. Tao Sun & Prof. John Brodholt (2020) (read more about this project 听here). Right) new research project of Dr. 听Haiyang Luo, Prof. Lidunka Vo膷adlo, Prof. John Brodholt, and Dr. John Ballentine (2022).听

Our group has access to high-performance computing via the UK Mineral Physics Consortium managed by听Prof. John Brodholt听with听Prof. Lidunka Voc 虇adlo,听Prof. Dario Alfe, a苍诲听Dr. Monica Pozzo, and Postdoc research staff Dr. Jac van Driel and Dr. Haiyang Luo, and PhD student听Isaac Taschimowitz.

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Photo 5: The composition of the Martian Core, a molecular dynamics study of Dr. Jac van Driel

Their research focuses primarily on the composition and evolution of planetary cores by investigating iron alloys (e.g., photo 5 from the work of Dr. Jack van Driel), water content (e.g., Li et al., 2020; see photo 4, nature geoscience cover by Dr. Yunguo Li, Prof. Lidunka Vo膷adlo and Prof. John Brodholt), Highly Siderophile Elements (HSEs) (e.g., photo 4 by Dr. Haiyang Luo with Prof. Lidunka Vo膷adlo, Prof. John Brodholt, and Dr. Chris Ballentine) as well as develop new Equations-of-State for various melt systems (e.g.,听Poster 4 by Isaac Taschimowitz). They use ab initio methods to investigate material properties at extreme conditions, often beyond those achieved by experimental techniques.听

Don鈥檛 forget to follow听新香港六合彩开奖结果WiES, founded by Prof. Lidunka Vo膷adlo, as well as the听听website a苍诲听channel of Prof. David Dobson for some exciting geology!听

Article written by Eve Tripoliti.

References:

• Hunt, S. A.,听et al. (2014) 鈥楧eformation T-Cup: A new multi-anvil apparatus for controlled strain-rate deformation experiments at pressures above 18 GPa.鈥� Review of Scientific Instruments 85.8.
• Hunt, S. A., and David P. Dobson. (2017) 鈥楴ote: Modified anvil design for improved reliability in DT-Cup experiments.鈥� Review of Scientific Instruments 88.12.
• Li, Y.,听et al. (2020) 鈥楾he Earth鈥檚 core as a reservoir of water.鈥櫶�Nature Geoscience听13.6: 453-458.
• Thomson, A. R.,听et al.听(2019) 鈥楽eismic velocities of CaSiO3 perovskite can explain LLSVPs in Earth鈥檚 lower mantle鈥�,听Nature, 572(7771), pp. 643鈥�647.听
• Wood, I. G.,听et al.听(2004) 鈥楾hermal expansion and crystal structure of cementite, Fe3C, between 4 and 600 K determined by time-of-flight neutron powder diffraction鈥�,听Journal of Applied Crystallography, 37(1), pp. 82鈥�90.听
• Wood, I. G.,听et al.听(2018) 鈥業nvestigation of high-pressure planetary ices by cryo-recovery. I. an apparatus for X-ray powder diffraction from 40 to 315 k, allowing 鈥渃old loading鈥� of samples鈥�,听Journal of Applied Crystallography, 51, pp. 685鈥�691..
• Xu, F.,听et al. (2022) 鈥楧eformation of Post鈥怱pinel Under the Lower Mantle Conditions.鈥� Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 127.3.

Links:

• Crystallography and Mineral Physics (CMP) research group.
• Haskel Multi-Anvil
• Diamond Anvil Cell
• X-ray Diffraction
• Mantle Rheology